Waste To Wealth
/ கழிவில் இருந்து செல்வம்
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Waste Type
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Description
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Kitchen Waste/ Wet
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Vegetable and fruit peels,
leftover food, pencil shavings, hair, fruit kernel, seeds, Coconut shells,
flowers, dry leaves from the garden
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Dry Waste
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Paper, paper napkins, bottles,
lids, used/worn out clothes, shoes, used packing materials, plastics, electrical
wires, glass, wood
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Hazardous Waste
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Aerosol cans, insecticides, oils,
paints, cloth with paint, medicines, syringes,
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Electronic Waste
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Batteries, CFL bulbs, tube lights,
CDs, mobiles, chargers, inverters, stabilizers, computer parts, common
electronic gadgets
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Biomedical Waste
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Diapers, syringes, shaving blades,
sanitary pads, ear buds, finger nails, band aid, dressings, used cotton, dry
cloth items, animal bones
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Debris Waste
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Construction waste, drain silt,
marble sludge, bricks, etc
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Plastics
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All types of plastic s, bags
bottles, pipes, cans, etc
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E-Waste
Waste of Electrical and Electronic Equipment
(WEEE) or Electronic Waste or E-waste describes discarded electrical or
electronic devices. Used electronics which are destined for reuse, resale,
salvage, recycling or disposal are also considered e-waste.
Examples:
Discarded computer monitors, motherboards,
cathode
ray tubes, Printed Circuit Boards (PCB),
mobile
phones and chargers, CDs, headphones,
Liquid
Crystal Displays (LCDs)/ plasma televisions,
air
conditioners, refrigerators and so on.
E-waste products can have over 1000 different
toxic substances, such as lead, cadmium, mercury, hexavalent chromium, barium,
beryllium, and carcinogens like carbon black and heavy metals. These can
contaminate soil and ground water and cause severe health problems in those handling the waste.
Waste
Management Towards Economic Uses
Effective management of Wastes helps in
Building a Clean, Green and Healthy Nation
Sensitization of every citizen helps in this
mission
Impact on quality of life
Creation of opportunities for income and
employment generation
Innovative waste conversion processes can
create micro-entrepreneurship opportunities on a massive scale
Objective
- To understand
- the challenge posed by waste and its impact on environment and health
- how day-to-day activities generate waste
- classification of different types of waste and mechanisms for their disposal;
- concept of 5R: Refuse, Reduce, Reuse, Recycle, Recover
- hazards posed to health and environment and safety measures to be adopted in handling waste;
- innovative processes that generate products from waste creating wealth;
- the scope of livelihood generation through entrepreneurship.
Scope of
the Sub-Theme
The
primary focus of this sub theme is
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To understand the science and art of waste management and product
development
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To trace the life cycle of
various forms of waste, starting from its generation to diverse forms of
disposal
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Classification as Biodegradable and Non biodegradable; Hazardous and
non- hazardous wastes
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Process for Management
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Mechanisms for conversion to usable products and wealth
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Impact on health, environment and socio economic issues
Project
Ideas:
- Fuel from Animal excreta such as cow dung, bio fuels
- Handling of E-Waste
- Identification, documentation & classification of the amount of electronic and electrical goods left unused in one’s locality & look out for means for disposal and/or re-use.
- Solid waste processing and disposal- innovative techniques for converting agricultural wastes into useful products
- Preparing Briquettes and checking efficient use for soil less plantation
- Minimizing wastage of irrigation water through improving water retention in the soil eg. wood shavings, briquettes, paddy husk, coconut coir, etc.
- Use of graphite from used batteries (dry cells)
- Plastic decomposition by bacteria
- Bio remediation of waste water
- Project Ideas Continued ..
- 10. Treatment of kitchen waste water for removal of Fat, Oil Grease
- 11. Preparing natural dyes from leaves, flowers, fruits of weeds
- 12. Conversion of discarded flowers into useful products
- 13. Extracting oil from the seeds of weeds, to be used for illumination
- 14. Retention of soil moisture using wood shavings, briquettes, paddy husk, coconut husk, hyacinth in crop fields
- 15. Using paddy straw as substrate for mushroom cultivation
- 16. Preparing tiles/panel boards from cardboard/tetrapacks/plastic bottles
- Survey based projects
- 17. Finding out the average waste generated per day at home. Extend the estimation to waste generated by the block, village, district, etc.
- 18. Study the packaging trend and estimate the associated wastage
- 19. Diversity of organisms/ animals around land fill areas and linkage to vector borne diseases.
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